@article {Engesmo2018,
	title = {Development of a qPCR assay to detect and quantify ichthyotoxic flagellates along the Norwegian coast, and the first Norwegian record of Fibrocapsa japonica (Raphidophyceae)},
	journal = {Harmful Algae},
	volume = {75},
	year = {2018},
	note = {Publisher: Elsevier B.V. tex.mendeley-tags: RCC1501,RCC1502},
	pages = {105{\textendash}117},
	abstract = {Blooms of ichthyotoxic microalgae pose a great challenge to the aquaculture industry world-wide, and there is a need for fast and specific methods for their detection and quantification in monitoring programs. In this study, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assays for the detection and enumeration of three ichthyotoxic flagellates: the dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi (Miyake \& Kominami ex Oda) Hansen \& Moestrup and the two raphidophytes Heterosigma akashiwo (Hada) Hada ex Hara \& Chihara and Fibrocapsa japonica Toriumi \& Takano were developed. Further, a previously published qPCR assay for the dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum (Ballantine) Larsen was used. Monthly samples collected for three years (Aug 2009{\textendash}Jun 2012) in outer Oslofjorden, Norway were analysed, and the results compared with light microscopy cell counts. The results indicate a higher sensitivity and a lower detection limit (down to 1 cell L-1) for both qPCR assays. Qualitative and semi-quantitative results were further compared with those obtained by environmental 454 high throughput sequencing (HTS, metabarcoding) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination from the same samplings. All four species were detected by qPCR and HTS and/or SEM in outer Oslofjorden (Aug 2009{\textendash}Jun 2012); Karlodinium veneficum was present year-round, whereas Karenia mikimotoi, Heterosigma akashiwo and Fibrocapsa japonica appeared mainly during the autumn in all three years. This is the first observation of Fibrocapsa japonica in Norwegian coastal waters. This species has previously been recorded off the Swedish west coast and German Bight, which may suggest a northward dispersal.},
	keywords = {454 high throughput environmental sequencing, Heterosigma akashiwo, Karenia mikimotoi, Karlodinium veneficum, Molecular monitoring, rcc1501, rcc1502, RDNA, SEM},
	issn = {15689883},
	doi = {10.1016/j.hal.2018.04.007},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2018.04.007},
	author = {Engesmo, Anette and Strand, David and Gran-Stadnicze{\~n}ko, Sandra and Edvardsen, Bente and Medlin, Linda K. and Eikrem, Wenche}
}
@article {Vaulot2008,
	title = {The diversity of small eukaryotic phytoplankton ({\textexclamdown}3 {\textmu}m) in marine ecosystems},
	volume = {32},
	number = {5},
	year = {2008},
	note = {Publication Title: FEMS microbiology reviews tex.mendeley-tags: 2008,rcc,sbr?hyto$_\textrmd$ipo},
	pages = {795{\textendash}820},
	abstract = {Small cells dominate photosynthetic biomass and primary production in many marine ecosystems. Traditionally, picoplankton refers to cells {\textexclamdown} or =2 microm. Here we extend the size range of the organisms considered to 3 microm, a threshold often used operationally in field studies. While the prokaryotic component of picophytoplankton is dominated by two genera, Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus, the eukaryotic fraction is much more diverse. Since the discovery of the ubiquitous Micromonas pusilla in the early 1950s, just over 70 species that can be {\textexclamdown}3 microm have been described. In fact, most algal classes contain such species. Less than a decade ago, culture-independent approaches (in particular, cloning and sequencing, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, FISH) have demonstrated that the diversity of eukaryotic picoplankton is much more extensive than could be assumed from described taxa alone. These approaches revealed the importance of certain classes such as the Prasinophyceae but also unearthed novel divisions such as the recently described picobiliphytes. In the last couple of years, the first genomes of photosynthetic picoplankton have become available, providing key information on their physiological capabilities. In this paper, we discuss the range of methods that can be used to assess small phytoplankton diversity, present the species described to date, review the existing molecular data obtained on field populations, and end up by looking at the promises offered by genomics.},
	keywords = {2008, diversity, genomics, Marine ecosystems, Micro-algae, picoplankton, rcc, sbr?hyto$_\textrmd$ipo, taxonomy},
	author = {Vaulot, Daniel and Eikrem, Wenche and Viprey, Manon and Moreau, Herv{\'e}}
}
