@article {das_assessing_2023,
	title = {Assessing indicators of arsenic toxicity using variable fluorescence in a commercially valuable microalgae: physiological and toxicological aspects},
	journal = {Journal of Hazardous Materials},
	year = {2023},
	month = {mar},
	pages = {131215},
	abstract = {Indicators signaling Arsenic (As) stress through physiology of microalgae using non-destructive methods like variable fluorescence are rare but requisite. This study reports stress markers indicating arsenic (As) toxicity (in two concentrations 11.25{\textmu}g/L and 22.5{\textmu}g/L compared to a control) exposed to a microalga (Diacronema lutheri), using fast repetition rate fluorometry (FRRf). Growth and physiological parameters such as cell density, chl a and the maximum quantum yield Fv/Fm showed coherence and impeded after the exponential phase (day 9 - day 12) in As treatments compared to the control (p < 0.05). On contrary photo-physiological constants were elevated showing higher optical (aLHII) and functional [Sigma (σPSII)] absorption cross-section for the As treatments (p < 0.05) further implying the lack of biomass production yet an increase in light absorption. In addition, As exposure increased the energy dissipation by heat (NPQ-NSV) showing a strong relationship with the de-epoxidation ratio (DR) involving photoprotective pigments. Total As bioaccumulation by D. lutheri showed a strong affinity with Fe adsorption throughout the algal growth curve. This study suggests some prompt photo-physiological proxies signaling As contamination and endorsing its usefulness in risk assessments, given the high toxicity and ubiquitous presence of As in the ecosystem.},
	keywords = {Arsenic bioaccumulation, de-epoxidation ratio (DR), Optical absorption cross section, pigment concentrations, RCC1537},
	issn = {0304-3894},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131215},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304389423004971},
	author = {Das, Shagnika and Lizon, Fabrice and Gevaert, Fran{\c c}ois and Bialais, Capucine and Duong, Gwendoline and Ouddane, Baghdad and Souissi, Sami}
}
