@booklet {barton_novel_2023,
	title = {A novel fluoro-electrochemical technique for classifying diverse marine nanophytoplankton},
	year = {2023},
	month = {apr},
	publisher = {Life Sciences},
	type = {preprint},
	abstract = {<p>To broaden our understanding of pelagic ecosystem responses to environmental change, it is essential that we improve the spatio-temporal resolution of in situ monitoring of phytoplankton communities. A key challenge for existing methods is in classifying and quantifying cells within the nanophytoplankton size range (2-20{\textmu}m). This is particularly difficult when there are similarities in morphology, making visual differentiation difficult for both trained taxonomists and machine learning based approaches. Here we present a rapid fluoro-electrochemical technique for classifying nanophytoplankton, and using a library of 52 diverse strains of nanophytoplankton we assess the accuracy of this technique based on two measurements at the individual level: charge required to reduce per cell chlorophyll a fluorescence by 50\%, and cell radius. We demonstrate a high degree of accuracy overall (\&gt;90\%) in categorising cells belonging to widely recognised key functional groups, however this is reduced when we consider the broader diversity of {\textquotedblleft}nano-phytoflagellates{\textquotedblright}. Notably, we observe that some groups, for example calcifying Isochrysidales, have much greater resilience to electrochemically driven oxidative conditions relative to others of a similar size, making them more easily categorised by the technique. The findings of this study present a promising step forward in advancing our toolkit for monitoring phytoplankton communities. We highlight that, for improved categorisation accuracy, future iterations of the method can be enhanced by measuring additional predictor variables with minimal adjustments to the set-up. In doing so, we foresee this technique being highly applicable, and potentially invaluable, for in situ classification and enumeration of the nanophytoplankton size fraction.</p>
},
	keywords = {RCC1, rcc1084, RCC1130, RCC1150, RCC1178, RCC1185, RCC1198, RCC1216, rcc1217, RCC1242, RCC1314, RCC1346, RCC1489, RCC1511, RCC1546, RCC1557, RCC1614, rcc1731, RCC191, RCC2570, RCC3598, RCC3696, RCC3776, RCC3780, RCC4207, RCC4221, RCC4273, RCC4657, RCC4660, RCC6, RCC623, RCC6516, RCC656, RCC678, RCC69, RCC74, RCC76, RCC8, RCC80, RCC81, RCC88, RCC911, RCC950},
	doi = {10.1002/lom3.10572},
	url = {https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/lom3.10572},
	author = {Barton, Samuel and Yang, Minjun and Chen, Haotian and Batchelor-McAuley, Christopher and Compton, Richard and Bouman, Heather and Rickaby, Rosalind}
}
@article {Bestion2020,
	title = {Abrupt declines in marine phytoplankton production driven by warming and biodiversity loss in a microcosm experiment},
	journal = {Ecology Letters},
	volume = {23},
	number = {3},
	year = {2020},
	note = {tex.mendeley-tags: RCC1303,RCC1512,RCC4221,RCC623,RCC626,RCC652,RCC80,RCC834},
	month = {mar},
	pages = {457{\textendash}466},
	abstract = {Rising sea surface temperatures are expected to lead to the loss of phytoplankton biodiversity. However, we currently understand very little about the interactions between warming, loss of phytoplankton diversity and its impact on the oceans{\textquoteright} primary production. We experimentally manipulated the species richness of marine phytoplankton communities under a range of warming scenarios, and found that ecosystem production declined more abruptly with species loss in communities exposed to higher temperatures. Species contributing positively to ecosystem production in the warmed treatments were those that had the highest optimal temperatures for photosynthesis, implying that the synergistic impacts of warming and biodiversity loss on ecosystem functioning were mediated by thermal trait variability. As species were lost from the communities, the probability of taxa remaining that could tolerate warming diminished, resulting in abrupt declines in ecosystem production. Our results highlight the potential for synergistic effects of warming and biodiversity loss on marine primary production.},
	keywords = {biodiversity, biodiversity loss, climate change, ecosystem functioning, phytoplankton, RCC1303, rcc1512, RCC4221, RCC623, RCC626, RCC652, RCC80, RCC834, thermal per-},
	issn = {1461-023X},
	doi = {10.1111/ele.13444},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/ele.13444},
	author = {Bestion, Elvire and Barton, Samuel and Garc{\'\i}a, Francisca C. and Warfield, Ruth and Yvon-Durocher, Gabriel},
	editor = {Hillebrand, Helmut}
}
@article {Barton2020,
	title = {Evolutionary temperature compensation of carbon fixation in marine phytoplankton},
	journal = {Ecology Letters},
	year = {2020},
	note = {tex.mendeley-tags: RCC1303,RCC1512,RCC1773,RCC4221,RCC623,RCC626,RCC652,RCC80,RCC834},
	month = {feb},
	pages = {ele.13469},
	abstract = {The efficiency of carbon sequestration by the biological pump could decline in the coming decades because respiration tends to increase more with temperature than photosynthesis. Despite these differences in the short-term temperature sensitivities of photosynthesis and respiration, it remains unknown whether the long-term impacts of global warming on metabolic rates of phytoplankton can be modulated by evolutionary adaptation. We found that respiration was consistently more temperature dependent than photosynthesis across 18 diverse marine phytoplankton, resulting in universal declines in the rate of carbon fixation with short-term increases in temperature. Long-term experimental evolution under high temperature reversed the short-term stimulation of metabolic rates, resulting in increased rates of carbon fixation. Our findings suggest that thermal adaptation may therefore have an ameliorating impact on the efficiency of phytoplankton as primary mediators of the biological carbon pump.},
	keywords = {climate change, evolutionary ecology, metabolism, phytoplankton physiology, RCC1303, rcc1512, RCC1773, RCC4221, RCC623, RCC626, RCC652, RCC80, RCC834, thermal performance curves},
	issn = {1461-023X},
	doi = {10.1111/ele.13469},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/ele.13469},
	author = {Barton, Samuel and Jenkins, James and Buckling, Angus and Schaum, C.-Elisa and Smirnoff, Nicholas and Raven, John A. and Yvon-Durocher, Gabriel},
	editor = {Ezenwa, Vanessa}
}
@article {Barton2019,
	title = {Quantifying the temperature dependence of growth rate in marine phytoplankton within and across species},
	journal = {Limnology and Oceanography},
	year = {2019},
	note = {tex.mendeley-tags: RCC1303,RCC1512,RCC1731,RCC1773,RCC4221,RCC539,RCC6,RCC623,RCC626,RCC652,RCC653,RCC655,RCC834,RCC88},
	abstract = {Abstract Models of marine biogeochemistry capture the effects of temperature on phytoplankton growth via the monotonic, exponential Eppley coefficient, without considering the physiological or evolutionary processes that underpin this emergent, across-species temperature response. Here, we investigated both the within- and across-species temperature dependence of growth rate for 18 species of marine phytoplankton. We found that the temperature dependence of growth rate derived across species was lower than the average temperature response within species. This finding supports a {\textquotedblleft}partial compensation{\textquotedblright} model of thermal adaptation and suggests that adaptation can partially compensate for the underlying thermodynamic effects of temperature on physiological rates observed within species. We also found that thermal tolerance traits (e.g. the optimum temperature for growth) systematically covaried with a host of key functional traits (e.g. cell size, elemental composition). Consequently, turnover in species composition in a warmer ocean, linked to interspecific variability in thermal tolerance traits, could be associated with major shifts in the functional trait composition of marine phytoplankton communities with far reaching implications for ecosystem functioning.},
	keywords = {RCC1303, rcc1512, rcc1731, RCC1773, RCC4221, rcc539, RCC6, RCC623, RCC626, RCC652, RCC653, RCC655, RCC834, RCC88},
	issn = {0024-3590},
	doi = {10.1002/lno.11170},
	author = {Barton, Samuel and Yvon-Durocher, Gabriel}
}
@article {gile_dna_2010,
	title = {Dna Barcoding of Chlorarachniophytes Using Nucleomorph Its Sequences1},
	journal = {Journal of Phycology},
	volume = {46},
	number = {4},
	year = {2010},
	note = {_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2010.00851.x},
	pages = {743{\textendash}750},
	abstract = {Chlorarachniophytes are a small group of marine photosynthetic protists. They are best known as examples of an intermediate stage of secondary endosymbiosis: their plastids are derived from green algae and retain a highly reduced nucleus, called a nucleomorph, between the inner and outer pairs of membranes. Chlorarachniophytes can be challenging to identify to the species level, due to their small size, complex life cycles, and the fact that even genus-level diagnostic morphological characters are observable only by EM. Few species have been formally described, and many available culture collection strains remain unnamed. To alleviate this difficulty, we have developed a barcoding system for rapid and accurate identification of chlorarachniophyte species in culture, based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the nucleomorph rRNA cistron. Although this is a multicopy locus, encoded in both subtelomeric regions of each chromosome, interlocus variability is low due to gene conversion by homologous recombination in this region. Here, we present barcode sequences for 39 cultured strains of chlorarachniophytes (>80\% of currently available strains). Based on barcode data, other published molecular data, and information from culture records, we were able to recommend names for 21 out of the 24 unidentified, partially identified, or misidentified chlorarachniophyte strains in culture. Most strains could be assigned to previously described species, but at least two to as many as five new species may be present among cultured strains.},
	keywords = {Bigelowiella, Chlorarachnion, culture collections, Gymnochlora, internal transcribed spacer, Lotharella, Norrisiella, Partenskyella, RCC337, RCC375, RCC376, RCC435, RCC530, RCC531, RCC623, RCC626},
	issn = {1529-8817},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1529-8817.2010.00851.x},
	url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2010.00851.x},
	author = {Gile, Gillian H. and Stern, Rowena F. and James, Erick R. and Keeling, Patrick J.}
}
