@article {das_assessing_2023,
	title = {Assessing indicators of arsenic toxicity using variable fluorescence in a commercially valuable microalgae: physiological and toxicological aspects},
	journal = {Journal of Hazardous Materials},
	year = {2023},
	month = {mar},
	pages = {131215},
	abstract = {Indicators signaling Arsenic (As) stress through physiology of microalgae using non-destructive methods like variable fluorescence are rare but requisite. This study reports stress markers indicating arsenic (As) toxicity (in two concentrations 11.25{\textmu}g/L and 22.5{\textmu}g/L compared to a control) exposed to a microalga (Diacronema lutheri), using fast repetition rate fluorometry (FRRf). Growth and physiological parameters such as cell density, chl a and the maximum quantum yield Fv/Fm showed coherence and impeded after the exponential phase (day 9 - day 12) in As treatments compared to the control (p < 0.05). On contrary photo-physiological constants were elevated showing higher optical (aLHII) and functional [Sigma (σPSII)] absorption cross-section for the As treatments (p < 0.05) further implying the lack of biomass production yet an increase in light absorption. In addition, As exposure increased the energy dissipation by heat (NPQ-NSV) showing a strong relationship with the de-epoxidation ratio (DR) involving photoprotective pigments. Total As bioaccumulation by D. lutheri showed a strong affinity with Fe adsorption throughout the algal growth curve. This study suggests some prompt photo-physiological proxies signaling As contamination and endorsing its usefulness in risk assessments, given the high toxicity and ubiquitous presence of As in the ecosystem.},
	keywords = {Arsenic bioaccumulation, de-epoxidation ratio (DR), Optical absorption cross section, pigment concentrations, RCC1537},
	issn = {0304-3894},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131215},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304389423004971},
	author = {Das, Shagnika and Lizon, Fabrice and Gevaert, Fran{\c c}ois and Bialais, Capucine and Duong, Gwendoline and Ouddane, Baghdad and Souissi, Sami}
}
@article {das_trace_2022,
	title = {Trace metals exposure in three different coastal compartments show specific morphological and reproductive traits across generations in a sentinel copepod},
	journal = {Science of The Total Environment},
	year = {2022},
	month = {nov},
	pages = {160378},
	abstract = {The effect of exposure from several compartments of the environment at the level of individuals were rarely investigated. This study reports the effect of contaminants from varied compartments like sediment resuspension, elutriation from resuspended sediment (extract) and seawater spiked trace metal mixtures (TM) on morphological and reproductive traits of the pelagic bioindicator copepod Eurytemora affinis. At the population level of E. affinis, lowest survival was observed in dissolved exposures (TM and extract) in the first generation (G1), showing some adaptation in the second generation (G2). An opposite trend for resuspended sediment showed higher sensitivity in survival at G2. At the individual level, prosome length and volume proved to be sensitive parameters for resuspended sediments, whereas clutch size and egg diameter were more sensitive to TM and extract. Although the generation of decontamination (G3, no exposure), showed a significant recovery at the population level (survival \% along with clutch size) of E. affinis exposed to resuspended sediment, morphological characteristics like prosome length and volume showed no such recovery (lower than control, p <0.05). To the contrary, dissolved exposure showed no significant recovery from G1 to G3 on neither survival \%, clutch size, egg diameter, prosome volume, but an increase of prosome length (p <0.05). Such tradeoffs in combatting the stress from varied sources of toxicity was observed in all exposures, from G1 to G3. The number of lipid droplets inside the body cavity of E. affinis showed a significant positive correlation with trace metal bioaccumulation (p <0.01) along with a negative correlation (p <0.05) with survival and clutch size in each treatment. This confirms the inability of copepods to utilize lipids under stressful conditions. Our study tenders certain morphological and reproductive markers that show specificity to different compartments of exposure, promising an advantage in risk assessment and fish feed studies.},
	keywords = {RCC1537},
	issn = {00489697},
	doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160378},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0048969722074800},
	author = {Das, Shagnika and Souissi, Anissa and Ouddane, Baghdad and Hwang, Jiang-Shiou and Souissi, Sami}
}
@article {das_single_2021,
	title = {Single toxicity of arsenic and combined trace metal exposure to a microalga of ecological and commercial interest: Diacronema lutheri},
	journal = {Chemosphere},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {132949},
	abstract = {Eco-toxicological assays with species of economic interest such as Diacronema lutheri are essential for industries that produce aquaculture feed, natural food additives and also in drug developing industries. Our study involved the exposure of a single and combined toxicity of arsenic (As V) to D. lutheri for the entire algal growth phase and highlighted that a combined exposure of As V with other essential (Copper, Cu; Nickel, Ni) and non-essential (Cadmium, Cd; Lead, Pb) trace metals reduced significantly the cell number, chlorophyll a content, and also significantly increased the de-epoxidation ratio (DR) as a stress response when compared to the single toxicity of As V. Arsenic, as one of the ubiquitous trace metal and an active industrial effluent is reported to have an increased bio-concentration factor when in mixture with other trace metals in this study. In the combined exposure, the concentration of total As bio-accumulated by D. lutheri was higher than in the single exposure. Hence, polluted areas with the prevalence of multiple contaminants along with the highly toxic trace metals like As can impose a greater risk to the exposed organisms that may get further bio-magnified in the food chain. Our study highlights the consequences and the response of D. lutheri in terms of contamination from single and multiple trace metals in order to obtain a safer biomass production for the growing need of natural derivatives.},
	keywords = {Arsenic, bioaccumulation, Bioconcentration factor, Chlorophyll, de-epoxidation ratio, RCC1537, Trace metals mixture},
	issn = {0045-6535},
	doi = {10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132949},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0045653521034214},
	author = {Das, Shagnika and Gevaert, Fran{\c c}ois and Ouddane, Baghdad and Duong, Gwendoline and Souissi, Sami}
}
